<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>Installation — phpMyAdmin 4.6.6 documentation</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="_static/classic.css" type="text/css" />
<link rel="stylesheet" href="_static/pygments.css" type="text/css" />
<script type="text/javascript">
var DOCUMENTATION_OPTIONS = {
URL_ROOT: './',
VERSION: '4.6.6',
COLLAPSE_INDEX: false,
FILE_SUFFIX: '.html',
HAS_SOURCE: true,
SOURCELINK_SUFFIX: '.txt'
};
</script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="_static/jquery.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="_static/underscore.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="_static/doctools.js"></script>
<link rel="index" title="Index" href="genindex.html" />
<link rel="search" title="Search" href="search.html" />
<link rel="copyright" title="Copyright" href="copyright.html" />
<link rel="next" title="Configuration" href="config.html" />
<link rel="prev" title="Requirements" href="require.html" />
</head>
<body>
<div class="related" role="navigation" aria-label="related navigation">
<h3>Navigation</h3>
<ul>
<li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px">
<a href="genindex.html" title="General Index"
accesskey="I">index</a></li>
<li class="right" >
<a href="config.html" title="Configuration"
accesskey="N">next</a> |</li>
<li class="right" >
<a href="require.html" title="Requirements"
accesskey="P">previous</a> |</li>
<li class="nav-item nav-item-0"><a href="index.html">phpMyAdmin 4.6.6 documentation</a> »</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="document">
<div class="documentwrapper">
<div class="bodywrapper">
<div class="body" role="main">
<div class="section" id="installation">
<span id="setup"></span><h1>Installation<a class="headerlink" href="#installation" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<p>phpMyAdmin does not apply any special security methods to the MySQL
database server. It is still the system administrator’s job to grant
permissions on the MySQL databases properly. phpMyAdmin’s <span class="guilabel">Users</span>
page can be used for this.</p>
<div class="admonition warning">
<p class="first admonition-title">Warning</p>
<p class="last"><a class="reference internal" href="glossary.html#term-mac"><span class="xref std std-term">Mac</span></a> users should note that if you are on a version before
<a class="reference internal" href="glossary.html#term-mac-os-x"><span class="xref std std-term">Mac OS X</span></a>, StuffIt unstuffs with <a class="reference internal" href="glossary.html#term-mac"><span class="xref std std-term">Mac</span></a> formats. So you’ll have
to resave as in BBEdit to Unix style ALL phpMyAdmin scripts before
uploading them to your server, as PHP seems not to like <a class="reference internal" href="glossary.html#term-mac"><span class="xref std std-term">Mac</span></a>-style
end of lines character (“<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">\r</span></code>”).</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="linux-distributions">
<h2>Linux distributions<a class="headerlink" href="#linux-distributions" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>phpMyAdmin is included in most Linux distributions. It is recommended to use
distribution packages when possible - they usually provide integration to your
distribution and you will automatically get security updates from your distribution.</p>
<div class="section" id="debian">
<h3>Debian<a class="headerlink" href="#debian" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>Debian’s package repositories include a phpMyAdmin package, but be aware that
the configuration file is maintained in <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/etc/phpmyadmin</span></code> and may differ in
some ways from the official phpMyAdmin documentation.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="opensuse">
<h3>OpenSUSE<a class="headerlink" href="#opensuse" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>OpenSUSE already comes with phpMyAdmin package, just install packages from
the <a class="reference external" href="https://software.opensuse.org/package/phpMyAdmin">openSUSE Build Service</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="ubuntu">
<h3>Ubuntu<a class="headerlink" href="#ubuntu" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>Ubuntu ships phpMyAdmin package, however if you want to use recent version, you
can use packages from
<a class="reference external" href="https://launchpad.net/~nijel/+archive/phpmyadmin">PPA for Michal Čihař</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="gentoo">
<h3>Gentoo<a class="headerlink" href="#gentoo" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>Gentoo ships the phpMyAdmin package, both in a near stock configuration as well
as in a <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">webapp-config</span></code> configuration. Use <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">emerge</span> <span class="pre">dev-db/phpmyadmin</span></code> to
install.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="mandriva">
<h3>Mandriva<a class="headerlink" href="#mandriva" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>Mandriva ships the phpMyAdmin package in their <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">contrib</span></code> branch and can be
installed via the usual Control Center.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="fedora">
<h3>Fedora<a class="headerlink" href="#fedora" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>Fedora ships the phpMyAdmin package, but be aware that the configuration file
is maintained in <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/etc/phpMyAdmin/</span></code> and may differ in some ways from the
official phpMyAdmin documentation.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="red-hat-enterprise-linux">
<h3>Red Hat Enterprise Linux<a class="headerlink" href="#red-hat-enterprise-linux" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>Red Hat Enterprise Linux itself and thus derivatives like CentOS don’t
ship phpMyAdmin, but the Fedora-driven repository
<a class="reference external" href="https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/EPEL">Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux (EPEL)</a>
is doing so, if it’s
<a class="reference external" href="https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/EPEL/FAQ#howtouse">enabled</a>.
But be aware that the configuration file is maintained in
<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/etc/phpMyAdmin/</span></code> and may differ in some ways from the
official phpMyAdmin documentation.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="installing-on-windows">
<h2>Installing on Windows<a class="headerlink" href="#installing-on-windows" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>The easiest way to get phpMyAdmin on Windows is using third party products
which include phpMyAdmin together with a database and web server such as
<a class="reference external" href="https://www.apachefriends.org/">XAMPP</a>.</p>
<p>You can find more of such options at <a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_AMP_packages">Wikipedia</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="installing-using-composer">
<h2>Installing using Composer<a class="headerlink" href="#installing-using-composer" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>You can install phpMyAdmin using <a class="reference external" href="https://getcomposer.org/">Composer</a>,
however it’s currently not available in the default
<a class="reference external" href="https://packagist.org/">Packagist</a> repository due to its technical
limitations.</p>
<p>The installation is possible by adding our own repository
<<a class="reference external" href="https://www.phpmyadmin.net/packages.json">https://www.phpmyadmin.net/packages.json</a>>:</p>
<div class="highlight-sh"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>composer create-project phpmyadmin/phpmyadmin --repository-url<span class="o">=</span>https://www.phpmyadmin.net/packages.json --no-dev
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="installing-using-docker">
<span id="docker"></span><h2>Installing using Docker<a class="headerlink" href="#installing-using-docker" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>phpMyAdmin comes with a Docker image, which you can easily deploy. You can
download it using:</p>
<div class="highlight-sh"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>docker pull phpmyadmin/phpmyadmin
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The phpMyAdmin server will be executed on port 80. It supports several ways of
configuring the link to the database server, which you can manage using
environment variables:</p>
<dl class="envvar">
<dt id="envvar-PMA_ARBITRARY">
<code class="descname">PMA_ARBITRARY</code><a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-PMA_ARBITRARY" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Allows you to enter database server hostname on login form (see
<span class="target" id="index-0"></span><a class="reference internal" href="config.html#cfg_AllowArbitraryServer"><code class="xref config config-option docutils literal"><span class="pre">$cfg['AllowArbitraryServer']</span></code></a>).</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="envvar">
<dt id="envvar-PMA_HOST">
<code class="descname">PMA_HOST</code><a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-PMA_HOST" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Host name or IP address of the database server to use.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="envvar">
<dt id="envvar-PMA_HOSTS">
<code class="descname">PMA_HOSTS</code><a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-PMA_HOSTS" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Comma separated host names or IP addresses of the database servers to use.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="envvar">
<dt id="envvar-PMA_USER">
<code class="descname">PMA_USER</code><a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-PMA_USER" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>User name to use for <a class="reference internal" href="#auth-config"><span class="std std-ref">Config authentication mode</span></a>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="envvar">
<dt id="envvar-PMA_PASSWORD">
<code class="descname">PMA_PASSWORD</code><a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-PMA_PASSWORD" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Password to use for <a class="reference internal" href="#auth-config"><span class="std std-ref">Config authentication mode</span></a>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="envvar">
<dt id="envvar-PMA_PORT">
<code class="descname">PMA_PORT</code><a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-PMA_PORT" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Port of the databse server to use.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="envvar">
<dt id="envvar-PMA_ABSOLUTE_URI">
<code class="descname">PMA_ABSOLUTE_URI</code><a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-PMA_ABSOLUTE_URI" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>The fully-qualified path (<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">https://pma.example.net/</span></code>) where the reverse
proxy makes phpMyAdmin available.</p>
</dd></dl>
<p>By default, <a class="reference internal" href="#cookie"><span class="std std-ref">Cookie authentication mode</span></a> is used, but if <span class="target" id="index-1"></span><a class="reference internal" href="#envvar-PMA_USER"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal"><span class="pre">PMA_USER</span></code></a> and
<span class="target" id="index-2"></span><a class="reference internal" href="#envvar-PMA_PASSWORD"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal"><span class="pre">PMA_PASSWORD</span></code></a> are set, it is switched to <a class="reference internal" href="#auth-config"><span class="std std-ref">Config authentication mode</span></a>.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
<p class="last">The credentials you need to login are stored in the MySQL server, in case
of Docker image there are various ways to set it (for example
<span class="target" id="index-3"></span><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal"><span class="pre">MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD</span></code> when starting MySQL container). Please check
documentation for <a class="reference external" href="https://hub.docker.com/r/_/mariadb/">MariaDB container</a>
or <a class="reference external" href="https://hub.docker.com/r/_/mysql/">MySQL container</a>.</p>
</div>
<p>Additionally configuration can be tweaked by <code class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">/etc/phpmyadmin/config.user.inc.php</span></code>. If
this file exists, it will be loaded after configuration generated from above
environment variables, so you can override any configuration variable. This
configuraiton can be added as a volume when invoking docker using
<cite>-v /some/local/directory/config.user.inc.php:/etc/phpmyadmin/config.user.inc.php</cite> parameters.</p>
<div class="admonition seealso">
<p class="first admonition-title">See also</p>
<p class="last">See <a class="reference internal" href="config.html#config"><span class="std std-ref">Configuration</span></a> for detailed description of configuration options.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="docker-volumes">
<h3>Docker Volumes<a class="headerlink" href="#docker-volumes" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>You can use following volumes to customise image behavior:</p>
<p><code class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">/etc/phpmyadmin/config.user.inc.php</span></code></p>
<blockquote>
<div>Can be used for additional settings, see previous chapter for more details.</div></blockquote>
<p><code class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">/sessions/</span></code></p>
<blockquote>
<div>Directory where PHP sessions are stored. You might want to share this
for example when uswing <a class="reference internal" href="#auth-signon"><span class="std std-ref">Signon authentication mode</span></a>.</div></blockquote>
</div>
<div class="section" id="docker-examples">
<h3>Docker Examples<a class="headerlink" href="#docker-examples" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>To connect phpMyAdmin to given server use:</p>
<div class="highlight-sh"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>docker run --name myadmin -d -e <span class="nv">PMA_HOST</span><span class="o">=</span>dbhost -p <span class="m">8080</span>:80 phpmyadmin/phpmyadmin
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>To connect phpMyAdmin to more servers use:</p>
<div class="highlight-sh"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>docker run --name myadmin -d -e <span class="nv">PMA_HOSTS</span><span class="o">=</span>dbhost1,dbhost2,dbhost3 -p <span class="m">8080</span>:80 phpmyadmin/phpmyadmin
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>To use arbitrary server option:</p>
<div class="highlight-sh"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>docker run --name myadmin -d --link mysql_db_server:db -p <span class="m">8080</span>:80 -e <span class="nv">PMA_ARBITRARY</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="m">1</span> phpmyadmin/phpmyadmin
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>You can also link the database container using Docker:</p>
<div class="highlight-sh"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>docker run --name phpmyadmin -d --link mysql_db_server:db -p <span class="m">8080</span>:80 phpmyadmin/phpmyadmin
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Running with additional configuration:</p>
<div class="highlight-sh"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>docker run --name phpmyadmin -d --link mysql_db_server:db -p <span class="m">8080</span>:80 -v /some/local/directory/config.user.inc.php:/etc/phpmyadmin/config.user.inc.php phpmyadmin/phpmyadmin
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="using-docker-compose">
<h3>Using docker-compose<a class="headerlink" href="#using-docker-compose" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>Alternatively you can also use docker-compose with the docker-compose.yml from
<<a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/phpmyadmin/docker">https://github.com/phpmyadmin/docker</a>>. This will run phpMyAdmin with
arbitrary server - allowing you to specify MySQL/MariaDB server on login page.</p>
<div class="highlight-sh"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>docker-compose up -d
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="quick-install">
<span id="id1"></span><h2>Quick Install<a class="headerlink" href="#quick-install" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<ol class="arabic simple">
<li>Choose an appropriate distribution kit from the phpmyadmin.net
Downloads page. Some kits contain only the English messages, others
contain all languages. We’ll assume you chose a kit whose name
looks like <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">phpMyAdmin-x.x.x</span> <span class="pre">-all-languages.tar.gz</span></code>.</li>
<li>Ensure you have downloaded a genuine archive, see <a class="reference internal" href="#verify"><span class="std std-ref">Verifying phpMyAdmin releases</span></a>.</li>
<li>Untar or unzip the distribution (be sure to unzip the subdirectories):
<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">tar</span> <span class="pre">-xzvf</span> <span class="pre">phpMyAdmin_x.x.x-all-languages.tar.gz</span></code> in your
webserver’s document root. If you don’t have direct access to your
document root, put the files in a directory on your local machine,
and, after step 4, transfer the directory on your web server using,
for example, ftp.</li>
<li>Ensure that all the scripts have the appropriate owner (if PHP is
running in safe mode, having some scripts with an owner different from
the owner of other scripts will be a problem). See <a class="reference internal" href="faq.html#faq4-2"><span class="std std-ref">4.2 What’s the preferred way of making phpMyAdmin secure against evil access?</span></a> and
<a class="reference internal" href="faq.html#faq1-26"><span class="std std-ref">1.26 I just installed phpMyAdmin in my document root of IIS but I get the error “No input file specified” when trying to run phpMyAdmin.</span></a> for suggestions.</li>
<li>Now you must configure your installation. There are two methods that
can be used. Traditionally, users have hand-edited a copy of
<code class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">config.inc.php</span></code>, but now a wizard-style setup script is provided
for those who prefer a graphical installation. Creating a
<code class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">config.inc.php</span></code> is still a quick way to get started and needed for
some advanced features.</li>
</ol>
<div class="section" id="manually-creating-the-file">
<h3>Manually creating the file<a class="headerlink" href="#manually-creating-the-file" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>To manually create the file, simply use your text editor to create the
file <code class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">config.inc.php</span></code> (you can copy <code class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">config.sample.inc.php</span></code> to get
a minimal configuration file) in the main (top-level) phpMyAdmin
directory (the one that contains <code class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">index.php</span></code>). phpMyAdmin first
loads <code class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">libraries/config.default.php</span></code> and then overrides those values
with anything found in <code class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">config.inc.php</span></code>. If the default value is
okay for a particular setting, there is no need to include it in
<code class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">config.inc.php</span></code>. You’ll probably need only a few directives to get going; a
simple configuration may look like this:</p>
<div class="highlight-xml+php"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="cp"><?php</span>
<span class="c1">// use here a value of your choice at least 32 chars long</span>
<span class="nv">$cfg</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'blowfish_secret'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'1{dd0`<Q),5XP_:R9UK%%8\"EEcyH#{o'</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="nv">$i</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="nv">$i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="nv">$cfg</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'Servers'</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nv">$i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="s1">'auth_type'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'cookie'</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="cp">?></span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Or, if you prefer to not be prompted every time you log in:</p>
<div class="highlight-xml+php"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="cp"><?php</span>
<span class="nv">$i</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="nv">$i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="nv">$cfg</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'Servers'</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nv">$i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="s1">'user'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'root'</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="nv">$cfg</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'Servers'</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nv">$i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="s1">'password'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'cbb74bc'</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="c1">// use here your password</span>
<span class="nv">$cfg</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'Servers'</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nv">$i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="s1">'auth_type'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'config'</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="cp">?></span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>For a full explanation of possible configuration values, see the
<a class="reference internal" href="config.html#config"><span class="std std-ref">Configuration</span></a> of this document.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="using-setup-script">
<span id="setup-script"></span><span id="index-4"></span><h3>Using Setup script<a class="headerlink" href="#using-setup-script" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>Instead of manually editing <code class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">config.inc.php</span></code>, you can use phpMyAdmin’s
setup feature. The file can be generated using the setup and you can download it
for upload to the server.</p>
<p>Next, open your browser and visit the location where you installed phpMyAdmin,
with the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/setup</span></code> suffix. The changes are not saved to the server, you need to
use the <span class="guilabel">Download</span> button to save them to your computer and then upload
to the server.</p>
<p>Now the file is ready to be used. You can choose to review or edit the
file with your favorite editor, if you prefer to set some advanced
options which the setup script does not provide.</p>
<ol class="arabic simple">
<li>If you are using the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">auth_type</span></code> “config”, it is suggested that you
protect the phpMyAdmin installation directory because using config
does not require a user to enter a password to access the phpMyAdmin
installation. Use of an alternate authentication method is
recommended, for example with HTTP–AUTH in a <a class="reference internal" href="glossary.html#term-htaccess"><span class="xref std std-term">.htaccess</span></a> file or switch to using
<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">auth_type</span></code> cookie or http. See the <a class="reference internal" href="faq.html#faqmultiuser"><span class="std std-ref">ISPs, multi-user installations</span></a>
for additional information, especially <a class="reference internal" href="faq.html#faq4-4"><span class="std std-ref">4.4 phpMyAdmin always gives “Access denied” when using HTTP authentication.</span></a>.</li>
<li>Open the <a class="reference external" href="index.php">main phpMyAdmin directory</a> in your browser.
phpMyAdmin should now display a welcome screen and your databases, or
a login dialog if using <a class="reference internal" href="glossary.html#term-http"><span class="xref std std-term">HTTP</span></a> or
cookie authentication mode.</li>
<li>You should deny access to the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">./libraries</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">./setup/lib</span></code>
subfolders in your webserver configuration.
Such configuration prevents from possible
path exposure and cross side scripting vulnerabilities that might
happen to be found in that code. For the Apache webserver, this is
often accomplished with a <a class="reference internal" href="glossary.html#term-htaccess"><span class="xref std std-term">.htaccess</span></a> file in those directories.</li>
<li>It is generally a good idea to protect a public phpMyAdmin installation
against access by robots as they usually can not do anything good
there. You can do this using <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">robots.txt</span></code> file in root of your
webserver or limit access by web server configuration, see
<a class="reference internal" href="faq.html#faq1-42"><span class="std std-ref">1.42 How can I prevent robots from accessing phpMyAdmin?</span></a>.</li>
</ol>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="verifying-phpmyadmin-releases">
<span id="verify"></span><h2>Verifying phpMyAdmin releases<a class="headerlink" href="#verifying-phpmyadmin-releases" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>Since July 2015 all phpMyAdmin releases are cryptographically signed by the
releasing developer, who through January 2016 was Marc Delisle. His key id is
0xFEFC65D181AF644A, his PGP fingerprint is:</p>
<div class="highlight-console"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="go">436F F188 4B1A 0C3F DCBF 0D79 FEFC 65D1 81AF 644A</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>and you can get more identification information from <<a class="reference external" href="https://keybase.io/lem9">https://keybase.io/lem9</a>>.</p>
<p>Beginning in January 2016, the release manager is Isaac Bennetch. His key id is
0xCE752F178259BD92, and his PGP fingerprint is:</p>
<div class="highlight-console"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="go">3D06 A59E CE73 0EB7 1B51 1C17 CE75 2F17 8259 BD92</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>and you can get more identification information from <<a class="reference external" href="https://keybase.io/ibennetch">https://keybase.io/ibennetch</a>>.</p>
<p>Some additional downloads (for example themes) might be signed by Michal Čihař. His key id is
0x9C27B31342B7511D, and his PGP fingerprint is:</p>
<div class="highlight-console"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="go">63CB 1DF1 EF12 CF2A C0EE 5A32 9C27 B313 42B7 511D</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>and you can get more identification information from <<a class="reference external" href="https://keybase.io/nijel">https://keybase.io/nijel</a>>.</p>
<p>You should verify that the signature matches
the archive you have downloaded. This way you can be sure that you are using
the same code that was released.</p>
<p>Each archive is accompanied with <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">.asc</span></code> files which contains the PGP signature
for it. Once you have both of them in the same folder, you can verify the signature:</p>
<div class="highlight-console"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">$</span> gpg --verify phpMyAdmin-4.5.4.1-all-languages.zip.asc
<span class="go">gpg: Signature made Fri 29 Jan 2016 08:59:37 AM EST using RSA key ID 8259BD92</span>
<span class="go">gpg: Can't check signature: public key not found</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>As you can see gpg complains that it does not know the public key. At this
point you should do one of the following steps:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Download the keyring from <a class="reference external" href="https://files.phpmyadmin.net/phpmyadmin.keyring">our download server</a>, then import it with:</li>
</ul>
<div class="highlight-console"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">$</span> gpg --import phpmyadmin.keyring
</pre></div>
</div>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Download and import the key from one of the key servers:</li>
</ul>
<div class="highlight-console"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">$</span> gpg --keyserver hkp://pgp.mit.edu --recv-keys 3D06A59ECE730EB71B511C17CE752F178259BD92
<span class="go">gpg: requesting key 8259BD92 from hkp server pgp.mit.edu</span>
<span class="go">gpg: key 8259BD92: public key "Isaac Bennetch <bennetch@gmail.com>" imported</span>
<span class="go">gpg: no ultimately trusted keys found</span>
<span class="go">gpg: Total number processed: 1</span>
<span class="go">gpg: imported: 1 (RSA: 1)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>This will improve the situation a bit - at this point you can verify that the
signature from the given key is correct but you still can not trust the name used
in the key:</p>
<div class="highlight-console"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">$</span> gpg --verify phpMyAdmin-4.5.4.1-all-languages.zip.asc
<span class="go">gpg: Signature made Fri 29 Jan 2016 08:59:37 AM EST using RSA key ID 8259BD92</span>
<span class="go">gpg: Good signature from "Isaac Bennetch <bennetch@gmail.com>"</span>
<span class="go">gpg: aka "Isaac Bennetch <isaac@bennetch.org>"</span>
<span class="go">gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature!</span>
<span class="go">gpg: There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner.</span>
<span class="go">Primary key fingerprint: 3D06 A59E CE73 0EB7 1B51 1C17 CE75 2F17 8259 BD92</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The problem here is that anybody could issue the key with this name. You need to
ensure that the key is actually owned by the mentioned person. The GNU Privacy
Handbook covers this topic in the chapter <a class="reference external" href="https://www.gnupg.org/gph/en/manual.html#AEN335">Validating other keys on your public
keyring</a>. The most reliable method is to meet the developer in person and
exchange key fingerprints, however you can also rely on the web of trust. This way
you can trust the key transitively though signatures of others, who have met
the developer in person. For example you can see how <a class="reference external" href="https://pgp.cs.uu.nl/mk_path.cgi?FROM=ABAF11C65A2970B130ABE3C479BE3E4300411886&TO=3D06A59ECE730EB71B511C17CE752F178259BD92">Isaac’s key links to
Linus’s key</a>.</p>
<p>Once the key is trusted, the warning will not occur:</p>
<div class="highlight-console"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">$</span> gpg --verify phpMyAdmin-4.5.4.1-all-languages.zip.asc
<span class="go">gpg: Signature made Fri 29 Jan 2016 08:59:37 AM EST using RSA key ID 8259BD92</span>
<span class="go">gpg: Good signature from "Isaac Bennetch <bennetch@gmail.com>" [full]</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Should the signature be invalid (the archive has been changed), you would get a
clear error regardless of the fact that the key is trusted or not:</p>
<div class="highlight-console"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">$</span> gpg --verify phpMyAdmin-4.5.4.1-all-languages.zip.asc
<span class="go">gpg: Signature made Fri 29 Jan 2016 08:59:37 AM EST using RSA key ID 8259BD92</span>
<span class="go">gpg: BAD signature from "Isaac Bennetch <bennetch@gmail.com>" [unknown]</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="phpmyadmin-configuration-storage">
<span id="linked-tables"></span><span id="index-5"></span><h2>phpMyAdmin configuration storage<a class="headerlink" href="#phpmyadmin-configuration-storage" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>For a whole set of additional features (bookmarks, comments, <a class="reference internal" href="glossary.html#term-sql"><span class="xref std std-term">SQL</span></a>-history,
tracking mechanism, <a class="reference internal" href="glossary.html#term-pdf"><span class="xref std std-term">PDF</span></a>-generation, column contents transformation,
etc.) you need to create a set of special tables. Those tables can be located
in your own database, or in a central database for a multi-user installation
(this database would then be accessed by the controluser, so no other user
should have rights to it).</p>
<div class="section" id="zero-configuration">
<h3>Zero configuration<a class="headerlink" href="#zero-configuration" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>In many cases, this database structure can be automatically created and
configured. This is called “Zero Configuration” mode and can be particularly
useful in shared hosting situations. “Zeroconf” mode is on by default, to
disable set <span class="target" id="index-6"></span><a class="reference internal" href="config.html#cfg_ZeroConf"><code class="xref config config-option docutils literal"><span class="pre">$cfg['ZeroConf']</span></code></a> to false.</p>
<p>The following three scenarios are covered by the Zero Configuration mode:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li>When entering a database where the configuration storage tables are not
present, phpMyAdmin offers to create them from the Operations tab.</li>
<li>When entering a database where the tables do already exist, the software
automatically detects this and begins using them. This is the most common
situation; after the tables are initially created automatically they are
continually used without disturbing the user; this is also most useful on
shared hosting where the user is not able to edit <code class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">config.inc.php</span></code> and
usually the user only has access to one database.</li>
<li>When having access to multiple databases, if the user first enters the
database containing the configuration storage tables then switches to
another database,
phpMyAdmin continues to use the tables from the first database; the user is
not prompted to create more tables in the new database.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="manual-configuration">
<h3>Manual configuration<a class="headerlink" href="#manual-configuration" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>Please look at your <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">./sql/</span></code> directory, where you should find a
file called <em>create_tables.sql</em>. (If you are using a Windows server,
pay special attention to <a class="reference internal" href="faq.html#faq1-23"><span class="std std-ref">1.23 I’m running MySQL on a Win32 machine. Each time I create a new table the table and column names are changed to lowercase!</span></a>).</p>
<p>If you already had this infrastructure and:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li>upgraded to MySQL 4.1.2 or newer, please use
<code class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">sql/upgrade_tables_mysql_4_1_2+.sql</span></code>.</li>
<li>upgraded to phpMyAdmin 4.3.0 or newer from 2.5.0 or newer (<= 4.2.x),
please use <code class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">sql/upgrade_column_info_4_3_0+.sql</span></code>.</li>
</ul>
<p>and then create new tables by importing <code class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">sql/create_tables.sql</span></code>.</p>
<p>You can use your phpMyAdmin to create the tables for you. Please be
aware that you may need special (administrator) privileges to create
the database and tables, and that the script may need some tuning,
depending on the database name.</p>
<p>After having imported the <code class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">sql/create_tables.sql</span></code> file, you
should specify the table names in your <code class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">config.inc.php</span></code> file. The
directives used for that can be found in the <a class="reference internal" href="config.html#config"><span class="std std-ref">Configuration</span></a>.</p>
<p>You will also need to have a controluser
(<span class="target" id="index-7"></span><a class="reference internal" href="config.html#cfg_Servers_controluser"><code class="xref config config-option docutils literal"><span class="pre">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['controluser']</span></code></a> and
<span class="target" id="index-8"></span><a class="reference internal" href="config.html#cfg_Servers_controlpass"><code class="xref config config-option docutils literal"><span class="pre">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['controlpass']</span></code></a> settings)
with the proper rights to those tables. For example you can create it
using following statement:</p>
<div class="highlight-mysql"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">GRANT</span> <span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="k">INSERT</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="k">UPDATE</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="k">DELETE</span> <span class="k">ON</span> <span class="o"><</span><span class="n">pma_db</span><span class="o">></span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">*</span> <span class="k">TO</span> <span class="s1">'pma'</span><span class="o">@</span><span class="s1">'localhost'</span> <span class="n">IDENTIFIED</span> <span class="k">BY</span> <span class="s1">'pmapass'</span><span class="p">;</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="upgrading-from-an-older-version">
<span id="upgrading"></span><h2>Upgrading from an older version<a class="headerlink" href="#upgrading-from-an-older-version" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<div class="admonition warning">
<p class="first admonition-title">Warning</p>
<p><strong>Never</strong> extract the new version over an existing installation of
phpMyAdmin, always first remove the old files keeping just the
configuration.</p>
<p class="last">This way you will not leave old no longer working code in the directory,
which can have severe security implications or can cause various breakages.</p>
</div>
<p>Simply copy <code class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">config.inc.php</span></code> from your previous installation into
the newly unpacked one. Configuration files from old versions may
require some tweaking as some options have been changed or removed.
For compatibility with PHP 5.3 and later, remove a
<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_magic_quotes_runtime(0);</span></code> statement that you might find near
the end of your configuration file.</p>
<p>You should <strong>not</strong> copy <code class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">libraries/config.default.php</span></code> over
<code class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">config.inc.php</span></code> because the default configuration file is version-
specific.</p>
<p>If you have upgraded your MySQL server from a version previous to 4.1.2 to
version 5.x or newer and if you use the phpMyAdmin configuration storage, you
should run the <a class="reference internal" href="glossary.html#term-sql"><span class="xref std std-term">SQL</span></a> script found in
<code class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">sql/upgrade_tables_mysql_4_1_2+.sql</span></code>.</p>
<p>If you have upgraded your phpMyAdmin to 4.3.0 or newer from 2.5.0 or
newer (<= 4.2.x) and if you use the phpMyAdmin configuration storage, you
should run the <a class="reference internal" href="glossary.html#term-sql"><span class="xref std std-term">SQL</span></a> script found in
<code class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">sql/upgrade_column_info_4_3_0+.sql</span></code>.</p>
<p>Do not forget to clear the browser cache and to empty the old session by
logging out and logging in again.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="using-authentication-modes">
<span id="authentication-modes"></span><span id="index-9"></span><h2>Using authentication modes<a class="headerlink" href="#using-authentication-modes" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p><a class="reference internal" href="glossary.html#term-http"><span class="xref std std-term">HTTP</span></a> and cookie authentication modes are recommended in a <strong>multi-user
environment</strong> where you want to give users access to their own database and
don’t want them to play around with others. Nevertheless be aware that MS
Internet Explorer seems to be really buggy about cookies, at least till version
6. Even in a <strong>single-user environment</strong>, you might prefer to use <a class="reference internal" href="glossary.html#term-http"><span class="xref std std-term">HTTP</span></a>
or cookie mode so that your user/password pair are not in clear in the
configuration file.</p>
<p><a class="reference internal" href="glossary.html#term-http"><span class="xref std std-term">HTTP</span></a> and cookie authentication
modes are more secure: the MySQL login information does not need to be
set in the phpMyAdmin configuration file (except possibly for the
<span class="target" id="index-10"></span><a class="reference internal" href="config.html#cfg_Servers_controluser"><code class="xref config config-option docutils literal"><span class="pre">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['controluser']</span></code></a>).
However, keep in mind that the password travels in plain text, unless
you are using the HTTPS protocol. In cookie mode, the password is
stored, encrypted with the AES algorithm, in a temporary cookie.</p>
<p>Then each of the <em>true</em> users should be granted a set of privileges
on a set of particular databases. Normally you shouldn’t give global
privileges to an ordinary user, unless you understand the impact of those
privileges (for example, you are creating a superuser).
For example, to grant the user <em>real_user</em> with all privileges on
the database <em>user_base</em>:</p>
<div class="highlight-mysql"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">GRANT</span> <span class="k">ALL</span> <span class="n">PRIVILEGES</span> <span class="k">ON</span> <span class="n">user_base</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">*</span> <span class="k">TO</span> <span class="s1">'real_user'</span><span class="o">@</span><span class="n">localhost</span> <span class="n">IDENTIFIED</span> <span class="k">BY</span> <span class="s1">'real_password'</span><span class="p">;</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>What the user may now do is controlled entirely by the MySQL user management
system. With HTTP or cookie authentication mode, you don’t need to fill the
user/password fields inside the <span class="target" id="index-11"></span><a class="reference internal" href="config.html#cfg_Servers"><code class="xref config config-option docutils literal"><span class="pre">$cfg['Servers']</span></code></a>.</p>
<div class="section" id="http-authentication-mode">
<span id="index-12"></span><h3>HTTP authentication mode<a class="headerlink" href="#http-authentication-mode" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul>
<li><p class="first">Uses <a class="reference internal" href="glossary.html#term-http"><span class="xref std std-term">HTTP</span></a> Basic authentication
method and allows you to log in as any valid MySQL user.</p>
</li>
<li><p class="first">Is supported with most PHP configurations. For <a class="reference internal" href="glossary.html#term-iis"><span class="xref std std-term">IIS</span></a> (<a class="reference internal" href="glossary.html#term-isapi"><span class="xref std std-term">ISAPI</span></a>)
support using <a class="reference internal" href="glossary.html#term-cgi"><span class="xref std std-term">CGI</span></a> PHP see <a class="reference internal" href="faq.html#faq1-32"><span class="std std-ref">1.32 Can I use HTTP authentication with IIS?</span></a>, for using with Apache
<a class="reference internal" href="glossary.html#term-cgi"><span class="xref std std-term">CGI</span></a> see <a class="reference internal" href="faq.html#faq1-35"><span class="std std-ref">1.35 Can I use HTTP authentication with Apache CGI?</span></a>.</p>
</li>
<li><p class="first">When PHP is running under Apache’s <a class="reference internal" href="glossary.html#term-mod-proxy-fcgi"><span class="xref std std-term">mod_proxy_fcgi</span></a> (e.g. with PHP-FPM),
<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Authorization</span></code> headers are not passed to the underlying FCGI application,
such that your credentials will not reach the application. In this case, you can
add the following configuration directive:</p>
<div class="highlight-apache"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nb">SetEnvIf</span> Authorization <span class="s2">"(.*)"</span> HTTP_AUTHORIZATION=$1
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p class="first">See also <a class="reference internal" href="faq.html#faq4-4"><span class="std std-ref">4.4 phpMyAdmin always gives “Access denied” when using HTTP authentication.</span></a> about not using the <a class="reference internal" href="glossary.html#term-htaccess"><span class="xref std std-term">.htaccess</span></a> mechanism along with
‘<a class="reference internal" href="glossary.html#term-http"><span class="xref std std-term">HTTP</span></a>’ authentication mode.</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="cookie-authentication-mode">
<span id="cookie"></span><span id="index-13"></span><h3>Cookie authentication mode<a class="headerlink" href="#cookie-authentication-mode" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Username and password are stored in cookies during the session and password
is deleted when it ends.</li>
<li>With this mode, the user can truly log out of phpMyAdmin and log
back in with the same username.</li>
<li>If you want to allow users to enter any hostname to connect (rather than only
servers that are configured in <code class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">config.inc.php</span></code>),
see the <span class="target" id="index-14"></span><a class="reference internal" href="config.html#cfg_AllowArbitraryServer"><code class="xref config config-option docutils literal"><span class="pre">$cfg['AllowArbitraryServer']</span></code></a> directive.</li>
<li>As mentioned in the <a class="reference internal" href="require.html#require"><span class="std std-ref">Requirements</span></a> section, having the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">mcrypt</span></code> extension will
speed up access considerably, but is not required.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="signon-authentication-mode">
<span id="auth-signon"></span><span id="index-15"></span><h3>Signon authentication mode<a class="headerlink" href="#signon-authentication-mode" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>This mode is a convenient way of using credentials from another
application to authenticate to phpMyAdmin to implement single signon
solution.</li>
<li>The other application has to store login information into session
data (see <span class="target" id="index-16"></span><a class="reference internal" href="config.html#cfg_Servers_SignonSession"><code class="xref config config-option docutils literal"><span class="pre">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['SignonSession']</span></code></a>) or you
need to implement script to return the credentials (see
<span class="target" id="index-17"></span><a class="reference internal" href="config.html#cfg_Servers_SignonScript"><code class="xref config config-option docutils literal"><span class="pre">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['SignonScript']</span></code></a>).</li>
<li>When no credentials are available, the user is being redirected to
<span class="target" id="index-18"></span><a class="reference internal" href="config.html#cfg_Servers_SignonURL"><code class="xref config config-option docutils literal"><span class="pre">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['SignonURL']</span></code></a>, where you should handle
the login process.</li>
</ul>
<p>The very basic example of saving credentials in a session is available as
<code class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">examples/signon.php</span></code>:</p>
<div class="highlight-php"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o"><?</span><span class="nx">php</span>
<span class="cm">/* vim: set expandtab sw=4 ts=4 sts=4: */</span>
<span class="sd">/**</span>
<span class="sd"> * Single signon for phpMyAdmin</span>
<span class="sd"> *</span>
<span class="sd"> * This is just example how to use session based single signon with</span>
<span class="sd"> * phpMyAdmin, it is not intended to be perfect code and look, only</span>
<span class="sd"> * shows how you can integrate this functionality in your application.</span>
<span class="sd"> *</span>
<span class="sd"> * @package PhpMyAdmin</span>
<span class="sd"> * @subpackage Example</span>
<span class="sd"> */</span>
<span class="cm">/* Need to have cookie visible from parent directory */</span>
<span class="nb">session_set_cookie_params</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'/'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">''</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="k">true</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="k">true</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="cm">/* Create signon session */</span>
<span class="nv">$session_name</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'SignonSession'</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="nb">session_name</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$session_name</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="c1">// Uncomment and change the following line to match your $cfg['SessionSavePath']</span>
<span class="c1">//session_save_path('/foobar');</span>
<span class="o">@</span><span class="nb">session_start</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="cm">/* Was data posted? */</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">isset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$_POST</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'user'</span><span class="p">]))</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="cm">/* Store there credentials */</span>
<span class="nv">$_SESSION</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'PMA_single_signon_user'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$_POST</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'user'</span><span class="p">];</span>
<span class="nv">$_SESSION</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'PMA_single_signon_password'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$_POST</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'password'</span><span class="p">];</span>
<span class="nv">$_SESSION</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'PMA_single_signon_host'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$_POST</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'host'</span><span class="p">];</span>
<span class="nv">$_SESSION</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'PMA_single_signon_port'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$_POST</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'port'</span><span class="p">];</span>
<span class="cm">/* Update another field of server configuration */</span>
<span class="nv">$_SESSION</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'PMA_single_signon_cfgupdate'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'verbose'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">'Signon test'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nv">$id</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">session_id</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="cm">/* Close that session */</span>
<span class="o">@</span><span class="nb">session_write_close</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="cm">/* Redirect to phpMyAdmin (should use absolute URL here!) */</span>
<span class="nb">header</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'Location: ../index.php'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="cm">/* Show simple form */</span>
<span class="nb">header</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">echo</span> <span class="s1">'<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>'</span> <span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="cp">?></span><span class="x"></span>
<span class="x"> <!DOCTYPE HTML></span>
<span class="x"> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"></span>
<span class="x"> <head></span>
<span class="x"> <link rel="icon" href="../favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" /></span>
<span class="x"> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="../favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" /></span>
<span class="x"> <meta charset="utf-8" /></span>
<span class="x"> <title>phpMyAdmin single signon example</title></span>
<span class="x"> </head></span>
<span class="x"> <body></span>
<span class="x"> </span><span class="cp"><?php</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">isset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$_SESSION</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'PMA_single_signon_error_message'</span><span class="p">]))</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">echo</span> <span class="s1">'<p class="error">'</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nv">$_SESSION</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'PMA_single_signon_error_message'</span><span class="p">];</span>
<span class="k">echo</span> <span class="s1">'</p>'</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="cp">?></span><span class="x"></span>
<span class="x"> <form action="signon.php" method="post"></span>
<span class="x"> Username: <input type="text" name="user" /><br /></span>
<span class="x"> Password: <input type="password" name="password" /><br /></span>
<span class="x"> Host: (will use the one from config.inc.php by default)</span>
<span class="x"> <input type="text" name="host" /><br /></span>
<span class="x"> Port: (will use the one from config.inc.php by default)</span>
<span class="x"> <input type="text" name="port" /><br /></span>
<span class="x"> <input type="submit" /></span>
<span class="x"> </form></span>
<span class="x"> </body></span>
<span class="x"> </html></span>
<span class="x"> </span><span class="cp"><?php</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="cp">?></span><span class="x"></span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Alternatively you can also use this way to integrate with OpenID as shown
in <code class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">examples/openid.php</span></code>:</p>
<div class="highlight-php"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o"><?</span><span class="nx">php</span>
<span class="cm">/* vim: set expandtab sw=4 ts=4 sts=4: */</span>
<span class="sd">/**</span>
<span class="sd"> * Single signon for phpMyAdmin using OpenID</span>
<span class="sd"> *</span>
<span class="sd"> * This is just example how to use single signon with phpMyAdmin, it is</span>
<span class="sd"> * not intended to be perfect code and look, only shows how you can</span>
<span class="sd"> * integrate this functionality in your application.</span>
<span class="sd"> *</span>
<span class="sd"> * It uses OpenID pear package, see https://pear.php.net/package/OpenID</span>
<span class="sd"> *</span>
<span class="sd"> * User first authenticates using OpenID and based on content of $AUTH_MAP</span>
<span class="sd"> * the login information is passed to phpMyAdmin in session data.</span>
<span class="sd"> *</span>
<span class="sd"> * @package PhpMyAdmin</span>
<span class="sd"> * @subpackage Example</span>
<span class="sd"> */</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="k">false</span> <span class="o">===</span> <span class="o">@</span><span class="k">include_once</span> <span class="s1">'OpenID/RelyingParty.php'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">exit</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="sd">/**</span>
<span class="sd"> * Map of authenticated users to MySQL user/password pairs.</span>
<span class="sd"> */</span>
<span class="nv">$AUTH_MAP</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span>
<span class="s1">'https://launchpad.net/~username'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span>
<span class="s1">'user'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">'root'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">'password'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">''</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="p">),</span>
<span class="p">);</span>
<span class="sd">/**</span>
<span class="sd"> * Simple function to show HTML page with given content.</span>
<span class="sd"> *</span>
<span class="sd"> * @param string $contents Content to include in page</span>
<span class="sd"> *</span>
<span class="sd"> * @return void</span>
<span class="sd"> */</span>
<span class="k">function</span> <span class="nf">Show_page</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$contents</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nb">header</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">echo</span> <span class="s1">'<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>'</span> <span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="cp">?></span><span class="x"></span>
<span class="x"> <!DOCTYPE HTML></span>
<span class="x"> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"></span>
<span class="x"> <head></span>
<span class="x"> <link rel="icon" href="../favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" /></span>
<span class="x"> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="../favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" /></span>
<span class="x"> <meta charset="utf-8" /></span>
<span class="x"> <title>phpMyAdmin OpenID signon example</title></span>
<span class="x"> </head></span>
<span class="x"> <body></span>
<span class="x"> </span><span class="cp"><?php</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">isset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$_SESSION</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">&&</span> <span class="nb">isset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$_SESSION</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'PMA_single_signon_error_message'</span><span class="p">]))</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">echo</span> <span class="s1">'<p class="error">'</span> <span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$_SESSION</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'PMA_single_signon_message'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'</p>'</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="nb">unset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$_SESSION</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'PMA_single_signon_message'</span><span class="p">]);</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nv">$contents</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="cp">?></span><span class="x"></span>
<span class="x"> </body></span>
<span class="x"> </html></span>
<span class="x"> </span><span class="cp"><?php</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="k">function</span> <span class="nf">Die_error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$e</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nv">$contents</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">"<div class='relyingparty_results'></span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="nv">$contents</span> <span class="o">.=</span> <span class="s2">"<pre>"</span> <span class="o">.</span> <span class="nb">htmlspecialchars</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$e</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">getMessage</span><span class="p">())</span> <span class="o">.</span> <span class="s2">"</pre></span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="nv">$contents</span> <span class="o">.=</span> <span class="s2">"</div class='relyingparty_results'>"</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="nx">Show_page</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$contents</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">exit</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="cm">/* Need to have cookie visible from parent directory */</span>
<span class="nb">session_set_cookie_params</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'/'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">''</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="k">true</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="k">true</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="cm">/* Create signon session */</span>
<span class="nv">$session_name</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'SignonSession'</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="nb">session_name</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$session_name</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="o">@</span><span class="nb">session_start</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="c1">// Determine realm and return_to</span>
<span class="nv">$base</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'http'</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">isset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$_SERVER</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'HTTPS'</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">&&</span> <span class="nv">$_SERVER</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'HTTPS'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s1">'on'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nv">$base</span> <span class="o">.=</span> <span class="s1">'s'</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="nv">$base</span> <span class="o">.=</span> <span class="s1">'://'</span> <span class="o">.</span> <span class="nv">$_SERVER</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'SERVER_NAME'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">.</span> <span class="s1">':'</span> <span class="o">.</span> <span class="nv">$_SERVER</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'SERVER_PORT'</span><span class="p">];</span>
<span class="nv">$realm</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$base</span> <span class="o">.</span> <span class="s1">'/'</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="nv">$returnTo</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$base</span> <span class="o">.</span> <span class="nb">dirname</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$_SERVER</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'PHP_SELF'</span><span class="p">]);</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$returnTo</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">mb_strlen</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$returnTo</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="s1">'/'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nv">$returnTo</span> <span class="o">.=</span> <span class="s1">'/'</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="nv">$returnTo</span> <span class="o">.=</span> <span class="s1">'openid.php'</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="cm">/* Display form */</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="nb">count</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$_GET</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">&&</span> <span class="o">!</span><span class="nb">count</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$_POST</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="nb">isset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$_GET</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'phpMyAdmin'</span><span class="p">]))</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="cm">/* Show simple form */</span>
<span class="nv">$content</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'<form action="openid.php" method="post"></span>
<span class="s1">OpenID: <input type="text" name="identifier" /><br /></span>
<span class="s1"><input type="submit" name="start" /></span>
<span class="s1"></form></span>
<span class="s1"></body></span>
<span class="s1"></html>'</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="nx">Show_page</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$content</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">exit</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="cm">/* Grab identifier */</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">isset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$_POST</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'identifier'</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">&&</span> <span class="nb">is_string</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$_POST</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'identifier'</span><span class="p">]))</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nv">$identifier</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$_POST</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'identifier'</span><span class="p">];</span>
<span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">isset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$_SESSION</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'identifier'</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">&&</span> <span class="nb">is_string</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$_SESSION</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'identifier'</span><span class="p">]))</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nv">$identifier</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$_SESSION</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'identifier'</span><span class="p">];</span>
<span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nv">$identifier</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="cm">/* Create OpenID object */</span>
<span class="k">try</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nv">$o</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">new</span> <span class="nx">OpenID_RelyingParty</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$returnTo</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$realm</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$identifier</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">catch</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">Exception</span> <span class="nv">$e</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nx">Die_error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$e</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="cm">/* Redirect to OpenID provider */</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">isset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$_POST</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'start'</span><span class="p">]))</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">try</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nv">$authRequest</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$o</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">prepare</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">catch</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">Exception</span> <span class="nv">$e</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nx">Die_error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$e</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="nv">$url</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$authRequest</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">getAuthorizeURL</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="nb">header</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Location: </span><span class="si">$url</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">exit</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="cm">/* Grab query string */</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="nb">count</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$_POST</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">list</span><span class="p">(,</span> <span class="nv">$queryString</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">explode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'?'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$_SERVER</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'REQUEST_URI'</span><span class="p">]);</span>
<span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="c1">// I hate php sometimes</span>
<span class="nv">$queryString</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">file_get_contents</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'php://input'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="cm">/* Check reply */</span>
<span class="k">try</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nv">$message</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">new</span> <span class="nx">OpenID_Message</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$queryString</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">OpenID_Message</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="na">FORMAT_HTTP</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">catch</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">Exception</span> <span class="nv">$e</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nx">Die_error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$e</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="nv">$id</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$message</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'openid.claimed_id'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="k">empty</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$id</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">&&</span> <span class="nb">isset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$AUTH_MAP</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nv">$id</span><span class="p">]))</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nv">$_SESSION</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'PMA_single_signon_user'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$AUTH_MAP</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nv">$id</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="s1">'user'</span><span class="p">];</span>
<span class="nv">$_SESSION</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'PMA_single_signon_password'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$AUTH_MAP</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nv">$id</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="s1">'password'</span><span class="p">];</span>
<span class="nb">session_write_close</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="cm">/* Redirect to phpMyAdmin (should use absolute URL here!) */</span>
<span class="nb">header</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'Location: ../index.php'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nx">Show_page</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'<p>User not allowed!</p>'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">exit</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>If you intend to pass the credentials using some other means than, you have to
implement wrapper in PHP to get that data and set it to
<span class="target" id="index-19"></span><a class="reference internal" href="config.html#cfg_Servers_SignonScript"><code class="xref config config-option docutils literal"><span class="pre">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['SignonScript']</span></code></a>. There is very minimal example
in <code class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">examples/signon-script.php</span></code>:</p>
<div class="highlight-php"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o"><?</span><span class="nx">php</span>
<span class="cm">/* vim: set expandtab sw=4 ts=4 sts=4: */</span>
<span class="sd">/**</span>
<span class="sd"> * Single signon for phpMyAdmin</span>
<span class="sd"> *</span>
<span class="sd"> * This is just example how to use script based single signon with</span>
<span class="sd"> * phpMyAdmin, it is not intended to be perfect code and look, only</span>
<span class="sd"> * shows how you can integrate this functionality in your application.</span>
<span class="sd"> *</span>
<span class="sd"> * @package PhpMyAdmin</span>
<span class="sd"> * @subpackage Example</span>
<span class="sd"> */</span>
<span class="sd">/**</span>
<span class="sd"> * This function returns username and password.</span>
<span class="sd"> *</span>
<span class="sd"> * It can optionally use configured username as parameter.</span>
<span class="sd"> *</span>
<span class="sd"> * @param string $user User name</span>
<span class="sd"> *</span>
<span class="sd"> * @return array</span>
<span class="sd"> */</span>
<span class="k">function</span> <span class="nf">get_login_credentials</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$user</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="cm">/* Optionally we can use passed username */</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="k">empty</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$user</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$user</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'password'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="cm">/* Here we would retrieve the credentials */</span>
<span class="nv">$credentials</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'root'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">''</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="nv">$credentials</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="admonition seealso">
<p class="first admonition-title">See also</p>
<p class="last"><span class="target" id="index-20"></span><a class="reference internal" href="config.html#cfg_Servers_auth_type"><code class="xref config config-option docutils literal"><span class="pre">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['auth_type']</span></code></a>,
<span class="target" id="index-21"></span><a class="reference internal" href="config.html#cfg_Servers_SignonSession"><code class="xref config config-option docutils literal"><span class="pre">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['SignonSession']</span></code></a>,
<span class="target" id="index-22"></span><a class="reference internal" href="config.html#cfg_Servers_SignonScript"><code class="xref config config-option docutils literal"><span class="pre">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['SignonScript']</span></code></a>,
<span class="target" id="index-23"></span><a class="reference internal" href="config.html#cfg_Servers_SignonURL"><code class="xref config config-option docutils literal"><span class="pre">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['SignonURL']</span></code></a></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="config-authentication-mode">
<span id="auth-config"></span><span id="index-24"></span><h3>Config authentication mode<a class="headerlink" href="#config-authentication-mode" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>This mode is sometimes the less secure one because it requires you to fill the
<span class="target" id="index-25"></span><a class="reference internal" href="config.html#cfg_Servers_user"><code class="xref config config-option docutils literal"><span class="pre">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['user']</span></code></a> and
<span class="target" id="index-26"></span><a class="reference internal" href="config.html#cfg_Servers_password"><code class="xref config config-option docutils literal"><span class="pre">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['password']</span></code></a>
fields (and as a result, anyone who can read your <code class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">config.inc.php</span></code>
can discover your username and password).</li>
<li>In the <a class="reference internal" href="faq.html#faqmultiuser"><span class="std std-ref">ISPs, multi-user installations</span></a> section, there is an entry explaining how
to protect your configuration file.</li>
<li>For additional security in this mode, you may wish to consider the
Host authentication <span class="target" id="index-27"></span><a class="reference internal" href="config.html#cfg_Servers_AllowDeny_order"><code class="xref config config-option docutils literal"><span class="pre">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowDeny']['order']</span></code></a>
and <span class="target" id="index-28"></span><a class="reference internal" href="config.html#cfg_Servers_AllowDeny_rules"><code class="xref config config-option docutils literal"><span class="pre">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowDeny']['rules']</span></code></a> configuration directives.</li>
<li>Unlike cookie and http, does not require a user to log in when first
loading the phpMyAdmin site. This is by design but could allow any
user to access your installation. Use of some restriction method is
suggested, perhaps a <a class="reference internal" href="glossary.html#term-htaccess"><span class="xref std std-term">.htaccess</span></a> file with the HTTP-AUTH directive or disallowing
incoming HTTP requests at one’s router or firewall will suffice (both
of which are beyond the scope of this manual but easily searchable
with Google).</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="securing-your-phpmyadmin-installation">
<h2>Securing your phpMyAdmin installation<a class="headerlink" href="#securing-your-phpmyadmin-installation" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>The phpMyAdmin team tries hard to make the application secure, however there
are always ways to make your installation more secure:</p>
<ul>
<li><p class="first">Serve phpMyAdmin on HTTPS only. Preferably, you should use HSTS as well, so that
you’re protected from protocol downgrade attacks.</p>
</li>
<li><p class="first">Remove the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">test</span></code> directory from phpMyAdmin, unless you are developing and need test suite.</p>
</li>
<li><p class="first">Remove the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">setup</span></code> directory from phpMyAdmin, you will probably not
use it after the initial setup.</p>
</li>
<li><p class="first">Properly choose an authentication method - <a class="reference internal" href="#cookie"><span class="std std-ref">Cookie authentication mode</span></a>
is probably the best choice for shared hosting.</p>
</li>
<li><p class="first">In case you don’t want all MySQL users to be able to access
phpMyAdmin, you can use <span class="target" id="index-29"></span><a class="reference internal" href="config.html#cfg_Servers_AllowDeny_rules"><code class="xref config config-option docutils literal"><span class="pre">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowDeny']['rules']</span></code></a> to limit them.</p>
</li>
<li><p class="first">Consider hiding phpMyAdmin behind an authentication proxy, so that
users need to authenticate prior to providing MySQL credentials
to phpMyAdmin. You can achieve this by configuring your web server to request
HTTP authentication. For example in Apache this can be done with:</p>
<div class="highlight-apache"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nb">AuthType</span> Basic
<span class="nb">AuthName</span> <span class="s2">"Restricted Access"</span>
<span class="nb">AuthUserFile</span> <span class="sx">/usr/share/phpmyadmin/passwd</span>
<span class="nb">Require</span> valid-user
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Once you have changed the configuration, you need to create a list of users which
can authenticate. This can be done using the <strong class="program">htpasswd</strong> utility:</p>
<div class="highlight-sh"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>htpasswd -c /usr/share/phpmyadmin/passwd username
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p class="first">If you are afraid of automated attacks, enabling Captcha by
<span class="target" id="index-30"></span><a class="reference internal" href="config.html#cfg_CaptchaLoginPublicKey"><code class="xref config config-option docutils literal"><span class="pre">$cfg['CaptchaLoginPublicKey']</span></code></a> and
<span class="target" id="index-31"></span><a class="reference internal" href="config.html#cfg_CaptchaLoginPrivateKey"><code class="xref config config-option docutils literal"><span class="pre">$cfg['CaptchaLoginPrivateKey']</span></code></a> might be an option.</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="known-issues">
<h2>Known issues<a class="headerlink" href="#known-issues" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<div class="section" id="users-with-column-specific-privileges-are-unable-to-browse">
<h3>Users with column-specific privileges are unable to “Browse”<a class="headerlink" href="#users-with-column-specific-privileges-are-unable-to-browse" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>If a user has only column-specific privileges on some (but not all) columns in a table, “Browse”
will fail with an error message.</p>
<p>As a workaround, a bookmarked query with the same name as the table can be created, this will
run when using the “Browse” link instead. <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/phpmyadmin/phpmyadmin/issues/11922">Issue 11922</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="trouble-logging-back-in-after-logging-out-using-http-authentication">
<h3>Trouble logging back in after logging out using ‘http’ authentication<a class="headerlink" href="#trouble-logging-back-in-after-logging-out-using-http-authentication" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>When using the ‘http’ <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">auth_type</span></code>, it can be impossible to log back in (when the logout comes
manually or after a period of inactivity). <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/phpmyadmin/phpmyadmin/issues/11898">Issue 11898</a>.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sphinxsidebar" role="navigation" aria-label="main navigation">
<div class="sphinxsidebarwrapper">
<h3><a href="index.html">Table Of Contents</a></h3>
<ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">Installation</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#linux-distributions">Linux distributions</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#debian">Debian</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#opensuse">OpenSUSE</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#ubuntu">Ubuntu</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#gentoo">Gentoo</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#mandriva">Mandriva</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#fedora">Fedora</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#red-hat-enterprise-linux">Red Hat Enterprise Linux</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#installing-on-windows">Installing on Windows</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#installing-using-composer">Installing using Composer</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#installing-using-docker">Installing using Docker</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#docker-volumes">Docker Volumes</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#docker-examples">Docker Examples</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#using-docker-compose">Using docker-compose</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#quick-install">Quick Install</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#manually-creating-the-file">Manually creating the file</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#using-setup-script">Using Setup script</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#verifying-phpmyadmin-releases">Verifying phpMyAdmin releases</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#phpmyadmin-configuration-storage">phpMyAdmin configuration storage</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#zero-configuration">Zero configuration</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#manual-configuration">Manual configuration</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#upgrading-from-an-older-version">Upgrading from an older version</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#using-authentication-modes">Using authentication modes</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#http-authentication-mode">HTTP authentication mode</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#cookie-authentication-mode">Cookie authentication mode</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#signon-authentication-mode">Signon authentication mode</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#config-authentication-mode">Config authentication mode</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#securing-your-phpmyadmin-installation">Securing your phpMyAdmin installation</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#known-issues">Known issues</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#users-with-column-specific-privileges-are-unable-to-browse">Users with column-specific privileges are unable to “Browse”</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#trouble-logging-back-in-after-logging-out-using-http-authentication">Trouble logging back in after logging out using ‘http’ authentication</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h4>Previous topic</h4>
<p class="topless"><a href="require.html"
title="previous chapter">Requirements</a></p>
<h4>Next topic</h4>
<p class="topless"><a href="config.html"
title="next chapter">Configuration</a></p>
<div role="note" aria-label="source link">
<h3>This Page</h3>
<ul class="this-page-menu">
<li><a href="_sources/setup.rst.txt"
rel="nofollow">Show Source</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div id="searchbox" style="display: none" role="search">
<h3>Quick search</h3>
<form class="search" action="search.html" method="get">
<div><input type="text" name="q" /></div>
<div><input type="submit" value="Go" /></div>
<input type="hidden" name="check_keywords" value="yes" />
<input type="hidden" name="area" value="default" />
</form>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">$('#searchbox').show(0);</script>
</div>
</div>
<div class="clearer"></div>
</div>
<div class="related" role="navigation" aria-label="related navigation">
<h3>Navigation</h3>
<ul>
<li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px">
<a href="genindex.html" title="General Index"
>index</a></li>
<li class="right" >
<a href="config.html" title="Configuration"
>next</a> |</li>
<li class="right" >
<a href="require.html" title="Requirements"
>previous</a> |</li>
<li class="nav-item nav-item-0"><a href="index.html">phpMyAdmin 4.6.6 documentation</a> »</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="footer" role="contentinfo">
© <a href="copyright.html">Copyright</a> 2020 - 2016, The phpMyAdmin devel team.
Created using <a href="http://sphinx-doc.org/">Sphinx</a> 1.6.7.
</div>
</body>
</html>