<?php
namespace React\Stream;
use Evenement\EventEmitterInterface;
/**
* The `WritableStreamInterface` is responsible for providing an interface for
* write-only streams and the writable side of duplex streams.
*
* Besides defining a few methods, this interface also implements the
* `EventEmitterInterface` which allows you to react to certain events:
*
* drain event:
* The `drain` event will be emitted whenever the write buffer became full
* previously and is now ready to accept more data.
*
* ```php
* $stream->on('drain', function () use ($stream) {
* echo 'Stream is now ready to accept more data';
* });
* ```
*
* This event SHOULD be emitted once every time the buffer became full
* previously and is now ready to accept more data.
* In other words, this event MAY be emitted any number of times, which may
* be zero times if the buffer never became full in the first place.
* This event SHOULD NOT be emitted if the buffer has not become full
* previously.
*
* This event is mostly used internally, see also `write()` for more details.
*
* pipe event:
* The `pipe` event will be emitted whenever a readable stream is `pipe()`d
* into this stream.
* The event receives a single `ReadableStreamInterface` argument for the
* source stream.
*
* ```php
* $stream->on('pipe', function (ReadableStreamInterface $source) use ($stream) {
* echo 'Now receiving piped data';
*
* // explicitly close target if source emits an error
* $source->on('error', function () use ($stream) {
* $stream->close();
* });
* });
*
* $source->pipe($stream);
* ```
*
* This event MUST be emitted once for each readable stream that is
* successfully piped into this destination stream.
* In other words, this event MAY be emitted any number of times, which may
* be zero times if no stream is ever piped into this stream.
* This event MUST NOT be emitted if either the source is not readable
* (closed already) or this destination is not writable (closed already).
*
* This event is mostly used internally, see also `pipe()` for more details.
*
* error event:
* The `error` event will be emitted once a fatal error occurs, usually while
* trying to write to this stream.
* The event receives a single `Exception` argument for the error instance.
*
* ```php
* $stream->on('error', function (Exception $e) {
* echo 'Error: ' . $e->getMessage() . PHP_EOL;
* });
* ```
*
* This event SHOULD be emitted once the stream detects a fatal error, such
* as a fatal transmission error.
* It SHOULD NOT be emitted after a previous `error` or `close` event.
* It MUST NOT be emitted if this is not a fatal error condition, such as
* a temporary network issue that did not cause any data to be lost.
*
* After the stream errors, it MUST close the stream and SHOULD thus be
* followed by a `close` event and then switch to non-writable mode, see
* also `close()` and `isWritable()`.
*
* Many common streams (such as a TCP/IP connection or a file-based stream)
* only deal with data transmission and may choose
* to only emit this for a fatal transmission error once and will then
* close (terminate) the stream in response.
*
* If this stream is a `DuplexStreamInterface`, you should also notice
* how the readable side of the stream also implements an `error` event.
* In other words, an error may occur while either reading or writing the
* stream which should result in the same error processing.
*
* close event:
* The `close` event will be emitted once the stream closes (terminates).
*
* ```php
* $stream->on('close', function () {
* echo 'CLOSED';
* });
* ```
*
* This event SHOULD be emitted once or never at all, depending on whether
* the stream ever terminates.
* It SHOULD NOT be emitted after a previous `close` event.
*
* After the stream is closed, it MUST switch to non-writable mode,
* see also `isWritable()`.
*
* This event SHOULD be emitted whenever the stream closes, irrespective of
* whether this happens implicitly due to an unrecoverable error or
* explicitly when either side closes the stream.
*
* Many common streams (such as a TCP/IP connection or a file-based stream)
* will likely choose to emit this event after flushing the buffer from
* the `end()` method, after receiving a *successful* `end` event or after
* a fatal transmission `error` event.
*
* If this stream is a `DuplexStreamInterface`, you should also notice
* how the readable side of the stream also implements a `close` event.
* In other words, after receiving this event, the stream MUST switch into
* non-writable AND non-readable mode, see also `isReadable()`.
* Note that this event should not be confused with the `end` event.
*
* The event callback functions MUST be a valid `callable` that obeys strict
* parameter definitions and MUST accept event parameters exactly as documented.
* The event callback functions MUST NOT throw an `Exception`.
* The return value of the event callback functions will be ignored and has no
* effect, so for performance reasons you're recommended to not return any
* excessive data structures.
*
* Every implementation of this interface MUST follow these event semantics in
* order to be considered a well-behaving stream.
*
* > Note that higher-level implementations of this interface may choose to
* define additional events with dedicated semantics not defined as part of
* this low-level stream specification. Conformance with these event semantics
* is out of scope for this interface, so you may also have to refer to the
* documentation of such a higher-level implementation.
*
* @see EventEmitterInterface
* @see DuplexStreamInterface
*/
interface WritableStreamInterface extends EventEmitterInterface
{
/**
* Checks whether this stream is in a writable state (not closed already).
*
* This method can be used to check if the stream still accepts writing
* any data or if it is ended or closed already.
* Writing any data to a non-writable stream is a NO-OP:
*
* ```php
* assert($stream->isWritable() === false);
*
* $stream->write('end'); // NO-OP
* $stream->end('end'); // NO-OP
* ```
*
* A successfully opened stream always MUST start in writable mode.
*
* Once the stream ends or closes, it MUST switch to non-writable mode.
* This can happen any time, explicitly through `end()` or `close()` or
* implicitly due to a remote close or an unrecoverable transmission error.
* Once a stream has switched to non-writable mode, it MUST NOT transition
* back to writable mode.
*
* If this stream is a `DuplexStreamInterface`, you should also notice
* how the readable side of the stream also implements an `isReadable()`
* method. Unless this is a half-open duplex stream, they SHOULD usually
* have the same return value.
*
* @return bool
*/
public function isWritable();
/**
* Write some data into the stream.
*
* A successful write MUST be confirmed with a boolean `true`, which means
* that either the data was written (flushed) immediately or is buffered and
* scheduled for a future write. Note that this interface gives you no
* control over explicitly flushing the buffered data, as finding the
* appropriate time for this is beyond the scope of this interface and left
* up to the implementation of this interface.
*
* Many common streams (such as a TCP/IP connection or file-based stream)
* may choose to buffer all given data and schedule a future flush by using
* an underlying EventLoop to check when the resource is actually writable.
*
* If a stream cannot handle writing (or flushing) the data, it SHOULD emit
* an `error` event and MAY `close()` the stream if it can not recover from
* this error.
*
* If the internal buffer is full after adding `$data`, then `write()`
* SHOULD return `false`, indicating that the caller should stop sending
* data until the buffer drains.
* The stream SHOULD send a `drain` event once the buffer is ready to accept
* more data.
*
* Similarly, if the the stream is not writable (already in a closed state)
* it MUST NOT process the given `$data` and SHOULD return `false`,
* indicating that the caller should stop sending data.
*
* The given `$data` argument MAY be of mixed type, but it's usually
* recommended it SHOULD be a `string` value or MAY use a type that allows
* representation as a `string` for maximum compatibility.
*
* Many common streams (such as a TCP/IP connection or a file-based stream)
* will only accept the raw (binary) payload data that is transferred over
* the wire as chunks of `string` values.
*
* Due to the stream-based nature of this, the sender may send any number
* of chunks with varying sizes. There are no guarantees that these chunks
* will be received with the exact same framing the sender intended to send.
* In other words, many lower-level protocols (such as TCP/IP) transfer the
* data in chunks that may be anywhere between single-byte values to several
* dozens of kilobytes. You may want to apply a higher-level protocol to
* these low-level data chunks in order to achieve proper message framing.
*
* @param mixed|string $data
* @return bool
*/
public function write($data);
/**
* Successfully ends the stream (after optionally sending some final data).
*
* This method can be used to successfully end the stream, i.e. close
* the stream after sending out all data that is currently buffered.
*
* ```php
* $stream->write('hello');
* $stream->write('world');
* $stream->end();
* ```
*
* If there's no data currently buffered and nothing to be flushed, then
* this method MAY `close()` the stream immediately.
*
* If there's still data in the buffer that needs to be flushed first, then
* this method SHOULD try to write out this data and only then `close()`
* the stream.
* Once the stream is closed, it SHOULD emit a `close` event.
*
* Note that this interface gives you no control over explicitly flushing
* the buffered data, as finding the appropriate time for this is beyond the
* scope of this interface and left up to the implementation of this
* interface.
*
* Many common streams (such as a TCP/IP connection or file-based stream)
* may choose to buffer all given data and schedule a future flush by using
* an underlying EventLoop to check when the resource is actually writable.
*
* You can optionally pass some final data that is written to the stream
* before ending the stream. If a non-`null` value is given as `$data`, then
* this method will behave just like calling `write($data)` before ending
* with no data.
*
* ```php
* // shorter version
* $stream->end('bye');
*
* // same as longer version
* $stream->write('bye');
* $stream->end();
* ```
*
* After calling this method, the stream MUST switch into a non-writable
* mode, see also `isWritable()`.
* This means that no further writes are possible, so any additional
* `write()` or `end()` calls have no effect.
*
* ```php
* $stream->end();
* assert($stream->isWritable() === false);
*
* $stream->write('nope'); // NO-OP
* $stream->end(); // NO-OP
* ```
*
* If this stream is a `DuplexStreamInterface`, calling this method SHOULD
* also end its readable side, unless the stream supports half-open mode.
* In other words, after calling this method, these streams SHOULD switch
* into non-writable AND non-readable mode, see also `isReadable()`.
* This implies that in this case, the stream SHOULD NOT emit any `data`
* or `end` events anymore.
* Streams MAY choose to use the `pause()` method logic for this, but
* special care may have to be taken to ensure a following call to the
* `resume()` method SHOULD NOT continue emitting readable events.
*
* Note that this method should not be confused with the `close()` method.
*
* @param mixed|string|null $data
* @return void
*/
public function end($data = null);
/**
* Closes the stream (forcefully).
*
* This method can be used to forcefully close the stream, i.e. close
* the stream without waiting for any buffered data to be flushed.
* If there's still data in the buffer, this data SHOULD be discarded.
*
* ```php
* $stream->close();
* ```
*
* Once the stream is closed, it SHOULD emit a `close` event.
* Note that this event SHOULD NOT be emitted more than once, in particular
* if this method is called multiple times.
*
* After calling this method, the stream MUST switch into a non-writable
* mode, see also `isWritable()`.
* This means that no further writes are possible, so any additional
* `write()` or `end()` calls have no effect.
*
* ```php
* $stream->close();
* assert($stream->isWritable() === false);
*
* $stream->write('nope'); // NO-OP
* $stream->end(); // NO-OP
* ```
*
* Note that this method should not be confused with the `end()` method.
* Unlike the `end()` method, this method does not take care of any existing
* buffers and simply discards any buffer contents.
* Likewise, this method may also be called after calling `end()` on a
* stream in order to stop waiting for the stream to flush its final data.
*
* ```php
* $stream->end();
* $loop->addTimer(1.0, function () use ($stream) {
* $stream->close();
* });
* ```
*
* If this stream is a `DuplexStreamInterface`, you should also notice
* how the readable side of the stream also implements a `close()` method.
* In other words, after calling this method, the stream MUST switch into
* non-writable AND non-readable mode, see also `isReadable()`.
*
* @return void
* @see ReadableStreamInterface::close()
*/
public function close();
}